INTERESTING TIMES

I never even knew that these creatures exist! Cool photos of endangered and at risk shark species in this article: http://www.onearth.org/earthwire/there-are-other-sharks-sea.

That's a lot of people who can't shower in or cook with the water coming from the faucet. The solution to this pollution is said to be dilution, same as ever, which means people have to wait until enough good water has run through the system to wash out the chemical. The wildlife get no such warning. The symptoms are nausea and vomiting. I haven't found anything about longterm toxicity yet.

Events like this are manageable for populations wealthy enough to purchase bottled water or travel to cleaner digs. For impoverished folks and for the creatures and plants of the land, this is a true crisis.

The leak was a foaming agent used to wash coal, and it went from a 48,000 gallon storage tank straight into the Elk River. The primary component in the foaming agent that leaked is the chemical 4-methylcyclohexane methanol (CH3C6H10CH2OH). It has been patented as an air freshener and has a slightly minty odor (another good reason not to use air fresheners). It is used in ~20-25% of coal plans, mainly for "coking coal" which is used for metallurgical purposes, but not for making coal burned to make electricity ("steam coal") which is the lion's share of total coal produced.

The biz owning the leaky tank is called Freedom Industries, and it distributes mining reagents for WV, VA, PA, OH, MD, MN, KY, and MI. In 2008, Freedom Industries was specially selected by Georgia-Pacific Chemicals as a distributor of G-P's Talon brand mining reagents for the states already mentioned. Georgia-Pacific Chemicals is, of course, a subsidiary of Georgia-Pacific, which was acquired by Koch Industries in 2005. Koch is big biz, and should be penalized to assure that they will take better precautions in all their plants in the future.



SOURCES
Fresh Brains sent me this link:
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/01/11/west-virginia-chemical-sp_n_4582100.html
National Geographic on the same leak:
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/01/140110-4-methylcyclohexane-methanol-chemical-spill-west-virginia-science/
Daily Kos
http://www.dailykos.com/story/2014/01/11/1268990/-Freedom-Industries-Has-Ties-to-Koch-Brothers
Koch Industries
http://www.kochind.com/

"The search for unpolluted drinking water is as old as civilization itself. As soon as there were mass human settlements, waterborne diseases like dysentery became a crucial population bottleneck. For much of human history, the solution to this chronic public-health issue was not purifying the water supply. The solution was to drink alcohol. In a community lacking pure-water supplies, the closest thing to "pure" fluid was alcohol. Whatever health risks were posed by beer (and later wine) in the early days of agrarian settlements were more than offset by alcohol's antibacterial properties. Dying of cirrhosis of the liver in your forties was better than dying of dysentery in your twenties. Many genetically minded historians believe that the confluence of urban living and the discovery of alcohol created a massive selection pressure on the genes of all humans who abandoned the hunter-gatherer lifestyle. Alcohol, after all, is a deadly poison and notoriously addictive. To digest large quantities of it, you need to be able to boost production of enzymes called alcohol dehydrogenases, a trait regulated by a set of genes on chromosome four in human DNA. Many early agrarians lacked that trait, and thus were genetically incapable of "holding their liquor." Consequently, many of them died childless at an early age, either from alcohol abuse or from waterborne diseases. Over generations, the gene pool of the first farmers became increasingly dominated by individuals who could drink beer on a regular basis. Most of the world population today is made up of descendants of those early beer drinkers, and we have largely inherited their genetic tolerance for alcohol. (The same is true of lactose tolerance, which went from a rare genetic trait to the mainstream among descendants of the herders, thanks to domestication of livestock.) The descendants of hunter gatherers--like many Native Americans or Australian Aborigines--were never forced through this genetic bottleneck, and so today they show disproportionate rates of alcoholism. The chronic drinking problem in Native American populations has been blamed on everything from the weak "Indian constitution" to the humiliating abuses of the U.S. reservation system. But their alcohol intolerance most likely has another explanation: their ancestors didn't live in towns."
--Steven Johnson, in The Ghost Map, pages 103-4.

Friends of the Cheat, Inc., a non-profit watershed group based in Kingwood, West Virginia is seeking a Project Manager (PM) to coordinate water quality monitoring and associated database in our service area. The PM will be responsible for identifying acid mine drainage (AMD) discharges, water sample collection and analytical data interpretation, stream monitoring (flow, pH, etc.), data analyses for remediation system design, implementation of AMD treatment systems, and evaluating project performance. Additional responsibilities include: working with landowners, collaboratively developing engineering/construction bid documents, contract procurement, and construction oversight.

The position requires, at minimum, a BS degree with a science focus and two years of experience in a related field, preferably watershed focused. Proficiency in Microsoft Excel and intermediate GIS skills are ideal. Experience with benthic macroinvertebrate collection and identification is preferred, but not required. Strong verbal and written communication skills are a must as the PM will work with the Executive Director to research and draft grant applications and complete reports to satisfy funding requirements.

The position requires intermediate GIS skills to map pollutant sources and spatially analyze water quality data; as well as water sampling, stream flow measurements. The successful candidate will enjoy being outside and working in a team atmosphere, but also have the ability to work independently and make informed decisions.

This is a full-time salaried position with a pay range of $32,500 to $35,000 commensurate with qualifications and experience. Benefits include paid vacation, health insurance, and a flexible work schedule.

To apply, submit a resume, cover letter, and contact information for three references to Friends of the Cheat by December 2, 2011. E-mail submissions are preferred and can be sent to Amanda at Cheat dot org. Hard copy applications can be mailed or dropped off to: Amanda Pitzer, Executive Director, Friends of the Cheat, 119 South Price Street, Suite 206, Kingwood, WV 26537.

Pesticides, etc.
( notes )

"reactive airway disease" and "asthma" mb used interchangeably but are not necessarily the same thing

interesting: http://www.herbaltherapeutics.net/EclecticProtocols-Asthma.pdf
( notes )

Not a new article:
http://www.orionmagazine.org/index.php/articles/article/170/
Many thanks to leaves1 where I first read this.
( text: Beyond Hope by Derek Jensen )

Bisphenol A is reason enough to never purchase another beverage in a plastic container. But there are plenty of other reasons.
( one more on water, this from Mercola )