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What about couples that are genetically very close??
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/7742873.stm
A new serum testing technique allows researchers to compare the mothers genes with the child's, and get a better idea if the child will inherit any of several hereditary diseases. In Britain 1/25 people carries the gene for cystic fibrosis. Up until now the only way to test for CF in a fetus was amniocentesis. The new genetic testing can also detect beta thalassemia or sickle cell disease.
A new serum testing technique allows researchers to compare the mothers genes with the child's, and get a better idea if the child will inherit any of several hereditary diseases. In Britain 1/25 people carries the gene for cystic fibrosis. Up until now the only way to test for CF in a fetus was amniocentesis. The new genetic testing can also detect beta thalassemia or sickle cell disease.
BC pills make women pick the wrong men
Aug. 14th, 2008 02:15 pmWrong in a genetic sense, that is. We are best paired, for reproductive purposes at least, with people who have different MHC than we do. MHC are markers on our cells that make each one of us unique, they are the things that cause trouble when people get organ transplants, they are the things that make one person smell good to us (pheromones) when another person stinks. That stink is telling us something more than just hygiene. That stink is telling us genetics. And now new research shows that woman on birth control pills and also pregnant women have compromised sniffers. If only I could blame my misspent youth on this.
Here's the original paper, from 1995:
http://journals.royalsociety.org/content/eg93h541912m44g0/
The Pill makes women pick bad mates
Ability to sniff out a compatible partner affected by taking contraceptives
By Jeanna Bryner
updated 10:17 a.m. PT, Wed., Aug. 13, 2008
from: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/26180187/
( text )
Here's the original paper, from 1995:
http://journals.royalsociety.org/content/eg93h541912m44g0/
The Pill makes women pick bad mates
Ability to sniff out a compatible partner affected by taking contraceptives
By Jeanna Bryner
updated 10:17 a.m. PT, Wed., Aug. 13, 2008
from: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/26180187/
( text )
Tags:
One kind of food poisoning and anthrax are caused by bacterium in the genus Bacillus. They are gram positive rods that make spores and have exotoxins. In lecture there was mention of its marshmallowy capsule containing d-glutamate and that being unusual. The capsule and the exotoxin are plasmid encoded, and this organism is also unique in that it has two plamids.
Bacilli are facultative aerobes--meaning they use oxygen as the final electron acceptor in their electron transport chain, and have catalase and superoxide dismutase. But they can grow in the absence of oxygen by fermenting for energy. The two medically important species of Baccilus are cereus and anthrasis.
B. cereus is ubiquitous in the soil and commonly found in low levels in raw, dried and processed foods. It takes four or more hours in food held at the wrong temperature (warm) to grow enough to make you sick. Beware of steam trays! The food poisoning it causes is similar to that caused by Staphylococcus aureus---watery nonbloody diarrhea 6-18 hours after ingesting the poison, or a faster boot out the top end, or both. Bacillus cereus likes growing in cooked white rice.
( How are bacteria unlike eukaryotes? Answer behind cut: )
Bacilli are facultative aerobes--meaning they use oxygen as the final electron acceptor in their electron transport chain, and have catalase and superoxide dismutase. But they can grow in the absence of oxygen by fermenting for energy. The two medically important species of Baccilus are cereus and anthrasis.
B. cereus is ubiquitous in the soil and commonly found in low levels in raw, dried and processed foods. It takes four or more hours in food held at the wrong temperature (warm) to grow enough to make you sick. Beware of steam trays! The food poisoning it causes is similar to that caused by Staphylococcus aureus---watery nonbloody diarrhea 6-18 hours after ingesting the poison, or a faster boot out the top end, or both. Bacillus cereus likes growing in cooked white rice.
( How are bacteria unlike eukaryotes? Answer behind cut: )
http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2007/08/01/genetically-modified-organisms-are-a-looming-threat.aspx
I haven't been overly worried about GM foods myself, but Mercola has educated me yet again. In 1998 the occurrence of allergic reactions to soybeans in the UK increased by 50%. GM soy products entered the US market late in 1996. The issue seems to be that they're putting genes from peanuts and other common allergens into soy.
But the interesting thing is that the genes can cross from the soy into bacteria---this article considers the possibility that the allergen genes are entering our normal stomach bacteria and causing long term effects such as irritable bowel syndrome.
So you could be having an allergic reaction to a food that you didn't even eat. That food could have become part of your natural gut flora.
Time to rev up our gardens. This is getting out of hand.
I haven't been overly worried about GM foods myself, but Mercola has educated me yet again. In 1998 the occurrence of allergic reactions to soybeans in the UK increased by 50%. GM soy products entered the US market late in 1996. The issue seems to be that they're putting genes from peanuts and other common allergens into soy.
But the interesting thing is that the genes can cross from the soy into bacteria---this article considers the possibility that the allergen genes are entering our normal stomach bacteria and causing long term effects such as irritable bowel syndrome.
So you could be having an allergic reaction to a food that you didn't even eat. That food could have become part of your natural gut flora.
Time to rev up our gardens. This is getting out of hand.
Vampirism as a myth may be based in the very real biochemistry of blood. A quick primer. We have hemoglobin in our blood, it is the stuff in red blood cells that carries the oxygen from the lungs to the tissues, and it also brings acids from the tissues to the lungs where acid is breathed off as carbon dioxide.
( about oxygen transport proteins and genes and the effects of defects )
Biochemistry 106: Insulin
Feb. 12th, 2007 09:59 pmThe term mellitis (from diabetes mellitis) comes from apis melliferous which means honey. Doctors used to taste a patient's urine to assess if it contained sugar.
Insulin is a protein that is assembled as pre-pro-insulin from the mRNA. It has an N terminal leader sequence that is hydrophobic allowing transport through membranes. It has a connecting sequence in the middle that gets chopped out later. It also has cysteines which contain sulfur at several sites. When the leader sequence is cleaved off it becomes proinsulin. Then the sulfurs on the cysteines bond to each other, forming sulfhydryl bridges between two parts of the strand, soon to be known as the A strand and B strand. The sulfhydryl bonds twist the original strand into a glob, and insulin is stored this way. Insulin is activated when a connecting sequence is chopped off between the A and B chains.
Insulin is a protein that is assembled as pre-pro-insulin from the mRNA. It has an N terminal leader sequence that is hydrophobic allowing transport through membranes. It has a connecting sequence in the middle that gets chopped out later. It also has cysteines which contain sulfur at several sites. When the leader sequence is cleaved off it becomes proinsulin. Then the sulfurs on the cysteines bond to each other, forming sulfhydryl bridges between two parts of the strand, soon to be known as the A strand and B strand. The sulfhydryl bonds twist the original strand into a glob, and insulin is stored this way. Insulin is activated when a connecting sequence is chopped off between the A and B chains.
