Nutrition Class (week 5, review for midterm)

[liveonearth]

measure C-peptide to measure endogenous vs exogenous insulin
Nigel Plummer
infant over 9 lbs predisposed to be diabetic dt mother's gestational DM
insulin given at younger and younger ages
theory is that giving insulin will prevent autoimmune rxns
over 75% type I diabetics have autoantibodies vs beta cells
HGB A1C over 6 then blood sugar over 120
5.3 is max for healthy A1C
glycomark test: shows when blood sugar spikes
glucose insulin tolerance test---he uses time with pt as way to discuss things with them
http://www.google.com/#q=nigel+plummer&hl=en&source=univ&tbs=vid:1&tbo=u&ei=_EDgS6jSA4jusgPOnJmHBQ&sa=X&oi=video_result_group&ct=title&resnum=5&ved=0CCsQqwQwBA&fp=84c7fb41710deb10
use fructosamine to monitor blood sugar in 2-3 week range
A1C changes in 4-6 weeks

incr casein exposure-->elevated IGF1-->incr ca
cnxn btw casein and dz, esp for children-->diabetes, overweight
Marz has no comment on A1 A2 issue

Rick North
http://www.grist.org/article/north1/
establish food supply for Oregon that is not genetically engineered

Timing of rxns to food
chart in book
excellent, print slide from notes (allergy week 4 pkt)

combo of anti-inflam and rotational diet most idea for modern humans

ALLERGIES
exposure to allergenic foods in utero
early exposure as infant
moms need to know to wait as long as possible to introduce solid food
esp if fhx of ai
LOOK IN TEXT FOR INFANT HYPOALLERGENIC DIET
**introduce 1st: steamed green veg and/or pureed fruits like pears, avoid citrus
he argues against introducing meat first (Dr Thom's protocol): microbial contam
must make good association with green foods or they won't eat them at age 5
Q: chlorella on baby food? not dismissed, OK idea
**first 2 def at 6mo: iron, zinc
celiac dz begins to develop when begin solid foods
sx in kids: bruxism, bed wetting, skin conditions, ear aches, apthae, tonsilitis, h/a
sx in adults: HTN, pain, hypoglycemia, migraine, infx, skin, AI, meniere's
dx: best is provocative testing, fast then reintroduce

LOFFLER-WRIGHT-MARZ INFANT FORMULA
GLA and DHA very important
qt soy milk (Eden oy Extra) or almond but he doesn't think nut is as good
cup carrot juice
2 tsp cod liver oil (pharmax) or 1g pure DHA (pure encapsulations)
1 tsp flax
2 caps borage (240mg GLA/cap-->PGE1) or 6 caps EPO (40mg GLA/cap)
he has also used Enfood http://www.nutramed.com/alpha/index.htm
3 TBS pure maple syrup (best blend of sugars)
1 TBS barley green or spirulina (B12 source, can use hydroxy B12 from sci bot, 1 drop is 400mcg, RDA is 3mcg)
1 TBS molasses (iron source)(liquid iron has methyl parabens in it!?)
L-carnitine 500mg (esp for premature but def in almost all babies, for beta oxidation & heart)
vit K (sci botanicals, 1 drop = 2.5 mg phytonadione) (mom should take supp during preg)
dose vit K for 1st 3-4 mo until risk of hemorrhagic dz has passed

flax has alpha linolenic which may not convert very well to gamma linolenic acd
MARZ'S PROTOCOL FOR ALLERGIES
*decrease bowel transit time: bentonite clay, psyllium powder, HCl, Mg, bitters
see detox chapter p485
*improve digestion: eat slowly, chew, consider enzymes
*improve bowel flora: probiotics
if yeast prob then hypoallergenic diet won't help: too much fruit, sx still there
*antioxidants
*vit E
*selenium RDA 100mcg
vit C--doses over 6-8 grams are natural antihistamine
vit A, carotenoids also good, esp if skin involvement (carotenoids block lipoxygenase enz)
he txd one kid with just solid extract of rose hips
be careful with hyperglycemic pts they may have NASH and not tolerate vit A
*quercetin, hesperidin, catechin--all decr degranulation of mast cells, inhibit lipoxygenase, phospholipase, phosphodiesterase. Catechin inhib histamine decarboxylase, the enz that converts histidine to histamine. Quercetin is not water soluble, can't mix with water for kids, he mixes it with vanilla extract which makes a paste then can mix with food. 300mg-1g/dose, can go higher, it's pretty safe.
**EFAs, if def in adult see high TGs, if def in kid see skin probs, dry ears
*support adrenals: stress mgmt, vit C, pantothenic acid, glandulars, nature, exercise
(vit C and pantothen concentrated in adrenals, he likes to give emergenC pkts & panto)

MAPLE SYRUP
low in fructose (fructose-->malabsorption, metabolic syndrome, incr TGs, IR, incr uric acid)
trace mineral:
manganese (2 tbs (13.33 grams) containing about 0.44 mg or 22% of 2mg RDA)
zinc (2 tbs (13.33 grams) containing 0.55 mg or 3.7% of the FDA 15mg DV)

STEVIA
used in 41% of all sweetened beverages in Japan
artificial sweeteners banned in 1970's

Michael Hollock
http://www.uvadvantage.org/
read up on what this guy has to say about VITAMIN D

HYPERACTIVITY
3% of kids affected, boys 10x more than girls
**know Feingold hypothesis: 40-50% of kids sensitive to artificial color, flavor, preservatives, and salicylates, phenols, Marz adds GMOs
http://www.feingold.org/
est 13-15gm food additives consumed per capita per day
120 million pounds total per year
tartrazine is most widely sed
avg daily consumptoin of dyes is approx 15 mg of which 85% is tartrazine
more among kids
allergic rxns in pts sensitive to aspirin ranges 20-50%
tart is sim to aspirin-->asthma, hives, skin conditions
tart, benzoate and aspirin incr prod of mast cells in body
1973 Benjamin Feingold presented his cases, arguments
salicylate foods: almond, apple, apricot, cherry, currant, peach, plum, prun, nectarine, berries incl black, boysen, goose, rasp, stra, grapes and raisin, oranges (other citrus OK)
book: Diet Crime and Delinquency, Alex Schauss
http://www.ncjrs.gov/App/Publications/abstract.aspx?ID=70045
hypoglycemia very high in kids

TREATMENTS FOR HYPERACTIVITY
*stop eating simple carbs, avoid allergens
avoid heavy metals, DMSA is FDA approved for use in kids (DMPS is not)
*calcium 500-1500 qd calms nervous sys of kids and blocks deposition of lead to bones
*niacinamide 500mg bid (megadose) for many psych disorders incl schizo, smoking cessation, anxiety (15mg is RDA)
*B6 50mg tid (cofactor for delta 6 desaturase, so is niacinamide) may stim dreams!
*Mg esp if slow gut 500-800mg, take with calcium to prevent constip that Ca can cause
for constip babies: b vits in dropper, a Bill Mitchell tx
avoid fruit juice, use veggie juice watch for D
*avoid electronics esp: flourescent lights, computer games, TV, consider full spectrum lighting

REVIEW FOR MIDTERM
xanthine oxidase in homogenized milk damages ECs
HTN just a little greatly incr MI risk
50 multiple guess Q's
three nutrients that lower homocysteine: B6, 12, folate
folate is #1 nutritional def in US
hcys from methionine, hcys higher in vegetarians
biggest correl of cv dz w/ animal prot
brush up on nutrit physical: diagonal earlobe crease, skin tags, arcus senilis, hair loss on lower legs, mottled extremities, acanthosis nigricans
plt agg, monitor fibrinogen
Mg imp for HTN, also K, if low a fib
Mg also decr plt stickiness
CIMT carotid intimal medial thickening 1st stage of atherosclerosis
chol is big deal only if HDL under 60 and LDL over 90
HDL2 protective vs cv dz
Lipoprotein a is independent risk factor for cv dz, chol mb low
simple carbs raise TGs
make plts less sticky: flavonoids, betacarotenes, omega3 oils, flax, fish, krill
garlic, onions, ginger
hydrogenated fats-->cv dz and ca
hard water good for preventing cv dz dt mineral content
brewing coffee in wire mesh bad, use paper, takes out toxic oils
1-2 cups of coffee/day no big deal
alcohol toxic to BVs
type of fiber that lowers chol: soluble
oats: soluble, white goupy stuff, konjac, legumes
insoluble in wheat, no effect on chol
decr sugar to avoid glycosylation, stop forming AGEs
to decr chol:
know diff btw niacinamide and niacin: niacin lowers chol
niacinamide has no effect on chol
nicotinic acid = niacin
vit C def in oxidized areas of BVs
vit E decr plt stick
Cr can lower chol
zinc and copper balance each other
pantethine = derivative of B5 that decr chol and incr HDL
L-carnitine same as pant
chol over 150 incr heart dz risk (framingham)
french paradox: eat slowly and eat flavonoids -->protected vs cv dz
med diet: more fiber and omega 3's not necc from fish
protect ECs: flavonoids
strokes: coagulability matters-->most strokes are thrombotic
HTN doesn't cause coag, but it damages BVs-->hemorrhagic strokes
angina: think Mg and K def
vit E beneficial, unesterified, Wilfred Schutes, incr oxygenation of heart muscle
know foods high in Mg:
foods high in K:
utilization of O2 in heart: coQ10, taurine, L-carnitine most imp nutrients
decr plt agg: omega 3, enz incl bromelain, nattokinase
asthma not on test
OGTT: know numbers for normals
insulin under 40 at 3 hours
fasting insulin 7 or less
sugar over 200 after 1 hour 2x is diagnostic
99-126 is prediabetic fasting sugar
print handout from e-rscs
A1C under 5.3 is fine, over 6.3 alarm bells