Anatomy Lab 3 Notes: Forearm and Hand

[liveonearth]

palmaris longus = origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus (the common flexor origin or CFO), insertion: palmar aponeurosis, in the center of the palm

pronator teres = origin: CFO. wraps laterally around the forearm, hard to see on cadavers. insertion: ???

flexor carpi radialis = o: CFO, i: thumb side of palm

flexor carpi ulnaris = o: CFO, i: pinkie side of palm

flexor digitorum superficialis = o: CFO and middle radius, batch of four tendons in center of wrist, i: fingers, middle phalanges

flexor digitorum profundus = deep version of above, goes all the way to 3rd phalanges

pronator quadratus = very deep on wrist



flexor pollicis longus = o: radius just distal to digitorum superficialis origin, i: thumb



pollicis = regarding the thumb



order of thumb (thenar) muscles: FAO
flexor pollicis brevis = near center of palm, medial, shortest of 3
abductor pollicis brevis = meatiest of thumb muscles, middle
opponens pollicis = most lateral of 3, deep to the other two

hypothenar (pinkie = digiti minimi) muscles:
flexor digiti minimi = brings pinkie to thumb
abductor digiti minimi = meaty one in middle
opponens digiti minimi = most medial and deepest



lumbricals = o: flexor digitorum profundus, "tata", flex fingers at metacarpo-phalangeal joints



nerves to hand:
median (thru carpal tunnel) = innervates thumb and 2.5 fingers
ulnar = pinkie and half of ring finger

BONES:

humerus---capitulum (meets head of radius), trochlea (meets trochlear notch of ulna), medial (CFO) and lateral epicondyles, olecranon fossa

radius---head (round, rotates, needs a cap{itulum}), radial tuberosity (bicep insertion), neck, styloid process (distal)

ulna---trochlear notch (deep hooking notch), ulnar tuberosity, olecranon process (tricep insertion), coronid process (the other end of the notch from the olecranon, brachialis attachment???), another styloid process



CARPALS:
Some lovers try positions that they can't handle.
Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrium, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate (w/ hook).
start proximal on thumb side
scaphoid = largest, base of thumb, proximal to trapezium
lunate =
triquetrium =
pisiform =
starting again at the thumb side, next row:
trapezium = big
trapezoid =
capitate =
hamate =
also note: sesamoid bone at 1st metacarpal-phalangeal joint (thumb side)
also noted: xray of hand disfigured by severe rheumatoid arthritis


Metacarpals = in palm
Phalanges